Account Section

Landslide Susceptibility Zonation of the Ashwini River Basin, Himachal Pradesh, India

Page 36-54 | Published: 12 December 2025
Author(s)
Sk Babar
Rabindra Bharati University
DARJ-2025-693651 0009-0003-7360-6089 Contact Author
Anisha Dawn
Rabindra Bharati University
DARJ-2025-753035 0009-0002-7684-0797 Contact Author
Bidyut Mandal
Rabindra Bharati University
DARJ-2026-858975 0009-0008-0513-0417 Contact Author
Abstract:

The Ashwini River Basin, located in the lower Himalayas of Himachal Pradesh, India, is a geologically sensitive and ecologically fragile region increasingly prone to frequent and severe landslides. Contributing factors include steep slopes, unstable lithology, intense monsoonal rainfall, and unregulated human activities such as road construction and urban expansion, all of which have intensified slope instability. This study employs a GIS-based multi-criteria evaluation approach integrating the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Frequency Ratio (FR) models to delineate landslide-prone zones. Twenty conditioning factors, including topographical, hydrological, environmental, and anthropogenic variables, were analysed using spatial datasets derived from remote sensing and digital elevation models. AHP assigned expert-based weights to each factor, while FR statistically assessed the relationship between historical landslides and conditioning variables. The resulting susceptibility maps classified the basin into low, moderate, and high-risk zones, with high-susceptibility areas identified in Mashiwah, Junga, Mundaghat, and Sanjauli. Model validation via confusion matrices showed slightly higher predictive accuracy for the FR model, while AHP enhanced interpretability. This comparative approach demonstrates the value of combining qualitative and quantitative models in landslide hazard assessment and emphasises the need for sustainable planning, regulated construction, and slope management to mitigate landslide risks in the region.

Keywords:

Landslide Susceptibility GIS-based Modelling Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) Frequency Ratio (FR) Model Ashwini River Basin

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Cite this article:

Babar, S., Dawn, A., & Mandal, B. (2025). Landslide Susceptibility Zonation of the Ashwini River Basin, Himachal Pradesh, India. Dandakaranya Review Journal, 1(1), e701539. https://www.dandakaranya.com/read/DARI701539

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